Pivotal Papers

Pivotal Papers

AuthorJournalDescription and file 
Viviana CaputoNature Genetics"This work revealed, for the first time, the genetic bases of Zimmermann-Laband syndrome, a rare and previously poorly characterized disorder with prominent neurological involvement alongside craniofacial and digital features, by identifying mutations in key genes. 
By elucidating the underlying biological mechanisms, the study transformed diagnosis and clinical recognition of this condition and also paved the way for new research avenues and a deeper understanding of related conditions."
Valeria HasenmajerLancetThis paper shed light on profound alterations in daily oscillation and levels of immune cells in hypercortisolism (i.e. endogenous glucocorticoid excess, Cushing's Syndrome), representing a convergence point of circadian rhythm disruption and metabolic and steroid hormone imbalances by applying advanced techniques such as machine learning and circadian algorithms to real-world data.
Andrea IsidoriThe New England Journal of MedicineOur rare diseases team, led by Andrea Isidori, contributed to a New England Journal of Medicine publication providing the first evidence that hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis feedback can be modulated with a CRH antagonist in congenital adrenal hyperplasia, marking a paradigm shift and offering new hope for people living with this endocrine disease.
Andrea IsidoriNatureOur team contributed to an international study, with Andrea M. Isidori among the co-authors, published in Nature, demonstrating that Kit^cre^ knock-in mouse models do not faithfully trace c-Kit^+^ cardiac stem cells because they incompletely label the true stem cell compartment and alter its regenerative potential. This work has helped reshape the debate on the role of c-Kit^+^ cells in cardiac regeneration.
Marco LucarelliEuropean Respiratory JournalWe setup and fully validated an innovative patient- and genotype-specific airway cellular system which represents a great enhancement for the precison therapy and diagnostics of Cystic Fibrosis. This system, together with similar worldwide approaches, allowed, during the recent years, the huge extension of Cystic Fibrosis patient population eligible to modulatory therapy 
Ernesto MaddaloniLANCETThe UK Prospective Diabetes Study has the largest population of adults with latent autoimmune diabetes, with the longest follow-up ever evaluated in a randomised clinical trial for diabetes complications. This study provides insights into the association between diabetes heterogeneity and microvascular complications, showing that patients with latent autoimmune diabetes have a lower risk of developing microvascular complications over 9 years from diagnosis than do those with type 2 diabetes, and that their subsequent higher risk can be explained by their earlier worse glycaemic control 
Riccardo PofiCell MetabolismThis paper provides a novel conceptual framework linking circadian biology to metabolic dysfunction in MASLD, aligning closely with my research focus on glucocorticoid-related metabolic effects and circadian regulation, and offering clear translational implications for clinical practice.
Aurelia RughettiImmunityThis study identifies the mechanism by which tumor-infiltrating monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) induce immunosuppression in the glioblastoma microenvironment. PERK-altered glucose metabolism drives MDM immunosuppressive programs through histone lactylation. Targeting PERK-mediated histone lactylation enhances the effect of immunotherapy.
Aurelia RughettiCancer DiscoveryTo date, glioblastoma remains the most aggressive and treatment-resistant form of adult brain tumor. This study uncovers the mechanism by which neutrophils expressing the transferrin receptor (CD71) alter their metabolism in hypoxic tumor areas. The metabolic change in these cells enhances their immunosuppressive capacity, thereby facilitating the progression of glioblastoma.
The hypoxic environment induces CD71+ neutrophils to produce increased amounts of lactate. This metabolite is responsible for the lactylation of histones, proteins that interact with DNA, and the consequent production of arginase-1, an enzyme that helps block the response of anti-tumor T lymphocytes. The study showed that blocking histone lactylation reduces the immunosuppressive function of neutrophils, thus identifying a potential therapeutic target.
 
Maurizio SoriceCellular and Molecular ImmunologyThis study shows that different domains of beta2-glycoprotein I play a role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases, mainly antiphospholipid syndrome. Post-translational modifications of this protein may represent key antigenic targets in this syndrome.
Elena SplendianiCell

"This paper is our standout work because it introduces a transformative spatial transcriptomics framework enabling 3D, multimodal reconstruction of human tissues, revealing tumor-microenvironment interactions that are invisible in conventional 2D analyses.

By providing both methodological innovation and biologically actionable insights at unprecedented spatial resolution, it sets a new standard for studying complex human diseases and tissue architecture."

Marco TafaniGastroenterologyIn this paper we identify Sirtuin 5 (SIRT5) as a key tumor suppressor in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), whose loss promotes tumorigenesis through increased noncanonic use of glutamine via GOT1. SIRT5 activation using a new small-molecule SIRT5-activator MC3138 combined with gemcitabine may lead to a novel safe and effective therapy for PDAC patients with low tumoral SIRT5 expression.
Pankaj TrivediBloodThis groundbreaking paper identifies how Epstein-Barr virus through one of its latent proteins helps cancer cells evade immune surveillance. Our data further show how microRNAs can be used to aid cancer immunotherapy.
Ilaria Grazia ZizzariJournal of EpathologyA study identifies the submucosal glands of the human duodenum as a novel source of cells with organoid capacity and liver regenerative potential, holding promise for regenerative medicine applications in chronic liver disease.

 

 

 

 

Top Reviews

AuthorJournalDescription and file 
Raffaella BuzzettiNature Reviews Disease PrimersThis article provides a comprehensive and authoritative overview of adult-onset autoimmune diabetes, redefining its pathophysiological continuum and clinical classification at an international leve

Raffaella Buzzetti

Ernesto Maddaloni

Nature Reviews EndocrinologyThis paper is highly relevant as it reshapes the understanding of adult-onset autoimmune diabetes as a heterogeneous continuum between type 1 and type 2 diabetes, with major implications for diagnosis, classification and personalized treatment 
Elisabetta FerrettiLANCETThis invited comment highlights a new genetic signature (chromosomes 7, 8, and 11) that identifies a favourable-risk group with 100% five-year survival. The discovery expands the population eligible for therapy de-escalation from 8% to 30% of all cases, offering a path to reduce long-term treatment toxicity.
Mikiko WatanabeEndocrine Reviews"A comprehensive and  state-of-the-art review published in the high-impact journal Endocrine Reviews, redefining how circadian biology can be translated into precision endocrine therapy and providing a novel, clinically impactful framework for chronotherapy in modern medicine.
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Important Papers

AuthorJournalDescription and file 
Riccarda AntiochiaBiosensors & Bioelectronics"To the best of our knowledge, this work represents the first on-body example of a microneedles-based biosensor capable of continuous monitoring of two key nutrition biomarkers in the interstitial fluid, thus offering more accurate personalized information
for a better future precision nutrition development and management."
Zein Mersini BesharatEuropean Urology Oncology"Identified two circulating microRNAs and integrated them with MRI imaging data and patients’ clinical data which allowed to develop a new diagnostic algorithm for early diagnosis of clinically significant prostate cancer patients and reduction of overdiagnosis  of clinically insignificant prostate cancer patients.
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Zein Mersini BesharatCancer ResearchIn KRAS-mutated colorectal cancer, chemotherapy-enhanced KRAS–ERK/ADAM17 signaling drives Jag1-ICD–dependent nuclear reverse signaling that induces EMT and promotes tumor growth, invasion, and chemoresistance, which can be mitigated by MEK/ERK and ADAM17 inhibition.
Raffaella BuzzettiCardiovascular DiabetologyThis study provides the first systematic evidence that ectopic fat distribution differentially relates to cardiac autonomic neuropathy in autoimmune versus type 2 diabetes, opening new pathophysiological and clinical perspectives
Viviana CaputoNature CommunicationsThis work introduces a state-of-the-art machine learning framework (APOGEE 2) that significantly improves the accuracy and interpretability of mitochondrial variant pathogenicity prediction, addressing a key challenge in medical genetics.
Matteo CassandriNature CommunicationsIn this study, we identified a novel regulatory axis involving MYOD, SKP2, and p57 that plays a crucial role in blocking myogenic differentiation, leading to the development of pediatric fusion-negative rhabdomyosarcoma. We also demonstrated that this axis can be pharmacologically targeted using a neddylation inhibitor, resulting in inhibition of tumor growth 
Mara CironeAutophagyThe findings of this study suggest that the presence of MUT TP53, which often exerts oncogenic properties, should be considered before approaching treatments combining ER stressors with ATF6 inhibitors against cancer cells, while it could represent a promising strategy against cancer cells that harbor WT TP53. 
Maria Pia FelliCell Death and DiseaseA study by Felli’s group, in collaboration with Dr. Donatella Del Bufalo (Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome) and Dr. Giovanna Damia (Mario Negri Institute, Milan), shows that IS21—identified with Prof. Rino Ragno—as well as Venetoclax and other Bcl-2 inhibitors, reduce the growth of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL), ovarian cancer, and melanoma cells, and enhance the efficacy of current anticancer therapies.
 
Elisabetta FerrettiBiomarker ResearchThe study shows that specific plasma cell-free DNA features (fragmentation and MGMT_623CG methylation) are elevated in active medullary thyroid carcinoma and can serve as promising non-invasive diagnostic biomarkers alongside calcitonin.
Andrea FusoAlzheimers & DementiaWe demonstrated for the first time that miR-29a is modulated by one-
carbon metabolism through DNA methylation, disclosing the molecular mechanisms regulating BACE1 expression in AD.
Ricciarda GalandriniCancer ResearchThe work highlights a novel mechanism of immune exhaustion induced by anti-tumor therapeutic antibody in human NK cells, mediated by SHP-1 recruitment. This inhibitory mechanism causes broad functional impairment and cross-tolerance of activating receptors, directly limiting the clinical efficacy of anti-CD20 therapy in treated patients. 
Maria Saveria Gilardini MontaniAutophagyThis is our top work of the last three years as it identifies a novel, therapeutically relevant link between ER stress signaling and mutant TP53 regulation. 
Maria Saveria Gilardini MontaniAutophagyThis study reveals for the first time that EBV-driven reductions in autophagy, ROS, and mitochondria redirect monocyte differentiation toward apoptosis, uncovering novel mechanisms of immune evasion 
Roberta GonnellaAutophagyWe demonstate that acetylation induced by VPA promotes  mut-p53 degradation via chaperon assisted selected autophagy in pancreatic cancer cells 
Francesco LombardoMolecular Aspects of MedicineIt is critical overview of the andrological issues affecting the reproductive outcomes of the infertile male.
Ernesto MaddaloniDibetes CareFindings of this study contribute to the search for novel molecules related to cardiovascular disease in diabetes, using robust data from a large, carefully adjudicated, cardiovascular outcome trial. Such research may help inform novel pathways of cardiovascular pathophysiology.
Valeria ManganelliAutophagyThis study has a strong impact because it reveals key mechanisms regulating autophagy at MAMs and identifies novel therapeutic targets for diseases such as cancer, neurodegeneration, and metabolic disorders.
Cinzia MarcheseBiomaterialsThe small Vessel Environment Bioreactor (sVEB) represents a cutting-edge microfluidic platform that overcomes the limitations of traditional in vitro models by faithfully recapitulating key aspects of vascular and tumor biology. Within this system, iPSC-derived endothelial cells self-organize into functional, perfusable vascular networks with complex branching, while computational simulations confirm physiologically relevant flow dynamics. Breast cancer organoids are successfully maintained under dynamic conditions, and CD8+ T cells can be precisely delivered via magnetic nanoparticles, enabling the study of real-time immune–tumor interactions. Ongoing advancements focus on integrating patient-derived cells and standardizing protocols to improve scalability and reproducibility, ultimately establishing the sVEB as a transformative platform for precision medicine and the development of personalized cancer therapies.
Roberta MisasiAutophagyThe role of lipids in the mechanisms controlling cell fate has always been a focus of our laboratory's basic research. In this work, we highlight how lipid rafts seem not to merely represent further actors of the process but fundamental constituents of the ER-mitochondria associated membranes (MAMs), without which the correct assembly of the vesicles and the scrambling among organelles can be impaired and the autophagic process hindered.
Marta MorettiCell Death and DIfferentitionThis is one of my top papers from the last three years because it investigates Hedgehog-dependent medulloblastoma, fully consistent with my research focus on Hedgehog signaling and medulloblastoma, and includes my substantial contributions to in vivo experiments and histopathological analyses.
Gabriella PalmieriJournal of Extracellular VesiclesThis study highlights an important mechanism that may suppress Natural Killer (NK) cell immunosurveillance in the tumour microenvironment; the accumulation of ligands for NKG2D NK activating receptor on cancer-released extracellular vesicles (EV) promotes NKG2D downmodulation and fratricide of NK cells dressed with EV-derived NKG2D ligands. 
Eleonora PoggiogalleMetabolismAn exhaustive review article summarizing recent evidence on the role of chronobiology in the regulation of energy and nutrient metabolism in humans. More than 500 citations.
Eleonora PoggiogalleAdvances in NutritionThe load-capacity model in body composition represents a novel approach to account for the allostatic metabolic load as a major determinant of adverse health outcomes. 
Fabio PulcinelliNature CommunicationsOur laboratory was fundamental to diagnosis of Vaccine-Induces Thombositopenia Thrombosis in this paper. Such results were obtained as we previously published an innovative platelet function test to evaluate Heparin and Vaccine  induced thrombosis, that doesn't require a serotonin radioactivity materials,  which is considered as gold standard test. 
Anna Reale
Michele Zampieri
Redox BiologyThis study identifies PARylation as a critical molecular bridge linking hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress to inflammatory activation in type 2 diabetes, revealing a novel mechanistic axis with significant therapeutic potential.
Gloria RiitanoAngiogenesisThis article, developed in collaboration with the research group at Columbia University where I was as visiting scientist, represents the bridge between the focus of my past research and that of my current research.
Renata RisiCardiovascular DiabetologyThis study shows that visceral and centrally distributed fat is strongly linked to cardiac autonomic neuropathy in autoimmune diabetes—but not in type 2 diabetes—highlighting a distinct and underrecognized cardiometabolic risk profile in this fragile population.
Roberta SantarelliAutophagyThese findings elucidate the mechanisms through which acetylation leads to
the selective lysosomal clearance of MUT TP53, highlighting a potential therapeutic vulnerability of aggressive tumors expressing this oncoprotein.
 
Maurizio SoriceCell Death and DiseaseThis study elucidate the role of lipid rafts in the oncogenic signaling in pancreatic ductal carcinoma cells
Elena SplendianiPharmacology & TherapeuticsThis study provides a comprehensive and clinically relevant synthesis of circulating biomarkers as minimally invasive tools to predict and monitor immunotherapy response in melanoma, advancing personalized treatment strategies.
Pankaj TrivediPNASThis article identifies specific strain of Epstein-Barr virus as a major risk factor in the pathogenesis of Multiple Sclerosis.
Mikiko WatanabeCell Reports MedicineA comprehensive and forward-looking review published in Cell Reports Medicine, integrating multi-omics and clinical evidence to position the gut microbiome as a central, actionable driver of precision obesity care across dietary, surgical, and pharmacological interventions.
Ilaria Grazia ZizzariJournal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer ResearchThis work identifies and validates novel circulating immune biomarkers predictive of resistance to anti-PD-1 immunotherapy in patients with recurrent/metastatic HNSCC, offering an innovative and clinically applicable strategy to improve patient selection and optimize personalized medicine.
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